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Keywords

plaintiffdue processliens

jurisdictionattorneyappealdue processappellee

Related Cases

Mathews v. Diaz

Facts

Plaintiffs had been lawfully admitted to the United States for less than five years. Plaintiffs were over 65 years old and had been denied enrollment in the Medicare Part B supplemental medical insurance program under 42 U.S.C.S. 1395j et seq. They attacked the statutory basis for the denial under 42 U.S.C.S. 1395o(2), which granted eligibility to resident citizens who were 65 or older but denied eligibility to comparable aliens unless they had been admitted for permanent residence and resided in the United States continuously for at least five years. The District Court held that the five-year residence requirement violated the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment.

Each of the appellees is a resident alien who was lawfully admitted to the United States less than five years ago. Appellees Diaz and Clara are Cuban refugees who remain in this country at the discretion of the Attorney General; appellee Espinosa has been admitted for permanent residence.

Issue

Whether Congress may condition an alien's eligibility for participation in a federal medical insurance program on continuous residence in the United States for a five-year period and admission for permanent residence.

The question presented by the Secretary's appeal is whether Congress may condition an alien's eligibility for participation in a federal medical insurance program on continuous residence in the United States for a five-year period and admission for permanent residence.

Rule

The Fifth Amendment protects all persons, including aliens, from deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. Congress has the authority to make distinctions between citizens and aliens regarding eligibility for benefits.

The Fifth Amendment, as well as the Fourteenth Amendment, protects every one of these persons from deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.

Analysis

The court concluded that the five-year residency requirement and the permanent residency requirement were constitutional. It reasoned that Congress has the power to make rules regarding the eligibility of aliens for benefits and that the distinctions made were not invidious. The court emphasized that the requirements were rationally related to the government's interest in maintaining the fiscal integrity of the Medicare program.

We conclude that both conditions are constitutional, we reverse.

Conclusion

The Supreme Court reversed the judgment of the district court and held that the five-year continuous residency requirement and the permanent residency requirement were constitutional.

We hold that the five-year continuous residency requirement and the permanent residency requirement were constitutional.

Who won?

The Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare prevailed in the case because the Supreme Court found that the residency requirements were constitutional and justified.

The Secretary appealed directly to this Court. We noted probable jurisdiction.

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